Some of the important cmd prompt commands

Some of the important cmd prompt commands :

---

ADDUSERS --Add or list users to/from a CSV file
ARP -- Address Resolution Protocol
ASSOC -- Change file extension associations
ASSOCIAT --One step file association
AT -- Schedule a command to run at a later time
ATTRIB --Change file attributes

BOOTCFG --Edit Windows boot settings
BROWSTAT --Get domain, browser and PDC info

CACLS -- Change file permissions
CALL --Call one batch program from another
CD --Change Directory - move to a specific Folder
CHANGE-- Change Terminal Server Session properties
CHKDSK -- Check Disk - check and repair disk problems
CHKNTFS -- Check the NTFS file system
CHOICE --Accept keyboard input to a batch file
CIPHER --Encrypt or Decrypt files/folders
CleanMgr ---Automated cleanup of Temp files, recycle bin
CLEARMEM ---Clear memory leaks
CLIP ---Copy STDIN to the Windows clipboard.
CLS ---Clear the screen
CLUSTER ---Windows Clustering
CMD ---Start a new CMD shell
COLOR --- Change colors of the CMD window
COMP ---Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
COMPACT --- Compress files or folders on an NTFS partition
COMPRESS ---Compress individual files on an NTFS partition
CON2PRT ---Connect or disconnect a Printer
CONVERT ---Convert a FAT drive to NTFS.
COPY ---Copy one or more files to another location
CSCcmd ---Client-side caching (Offline Files)
CSVDE ---Import or Export Active Directory data

DATE --- Display or set the date
Dcomcnfg DCOM ---Configuration Utility
DEFRAG ---Defragment hard drive
DEL ---Delete one or more files
DELPROF--- Delete NT user profiles
DELTREE ---Delete a folder and all subfolders
DevCon ---Device Manager Command Line Utility
DIR ---Display a list of files and folders
DIRUSE --- Display disk usage
DISKCOMP--- Compare the contents of two floppy disks
DISKCOPY ---Copy the contents of one floppy disk to another
DNSSTAT ---DNS Statistics
DOSKEY --- Edit command line, recall commands, and create macros
DSADD ---Add user (computer, group..) to active directory
DSQUERY--- List items in active directory
DSMOD ---Modify user (computer, group..) in active directory

ECHO--- Display message on screen
ENDLOCAL--- End localisation of environment changes in a batch file
ERASE ---Delete one or more files
EXIT ---Quit the current script/routine and set an errorlevel.
EXPAND --- Uncompress files
EXTRACT--- Uncompress CAB files

FC--- Compare two files
FDISK--- Disk Format and partition
FIND ---Search for a text string in a file
FINDSTR--- Search for strings in files
FOR /F ---Loop command: against a set of files
FOR /F ---Loop command: against the results of another command
FOR ---Loop command: all options Files, Directory, List
FORFILES ---Batch process multiple files
FORMAT ---Format a disk
FREEDISK ---Check free disk space (in bytes)
FSUTIL --- File and Volume utilities
FTP --- File Transfer Protocol
FTYPE--- Display or modify file types used in file extension associations

GLOBAL --- Display membership of global groups
GOTO ---Direct a batch program to jump to a labelled line

HELP--- Online Help
HFNETCHK--- Network Security Hotfix Checker

IF--- Conditionally perform a command
IFMEMBER Is the current user in an NT Workgroup
IPCONFIG Configure IP

KILL Remove a program from memory

LABEL --- Edit a disk label
LOCAL --- Display membership of local groups
LOGEVENT--- Write text to the NT event viewer.
LOGOFF --- Log a user off
LOGTIME --- Log the date and time in a file

MAPISEND ---Send email from the command line
MEM --- Display memory usage
MD --- Create new folders
MKLINK --- Create a symbolic link (linkd)
MODE ---Configure a system device
MORE --- Display output, one screen at a time
MOUNTVOL ----Manage a volume mount point
MOVE --- Move files from one folder to another
MOVEUSER--- Move a user from one domain to another
MSG ---Send a message
MSIEXEC --- Microsoft Windows Installer
MSINFO ---Windows NT diagnostics
MSTSC --- Terminal Server Connection (Remote Desktop Protocol)
MUNGE --- Find and Replace text within file(s)
MV --- Copy in-use files

NET --- Manage network resources
NETDOM --- Domain Manager
NETSH ---Configure network protocols
NETSVC ---Command-line Service Controller
NBTSTAT --- Display networking statistics (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)
NETSTAT --- Display networking statistics (TCP/IP)
NOW --- Display the current Date and Time
NSLOOKUP--- Name server lookup
NTBACKUP ---Backup folders to tape
NTRIGHTS E---dit user account rights

PATH --- Display or set a search path for executable files
PATHPING ---Trace route plus network latency and packet loss
PAUSE --- Suspend processing of a batch file and display a message
PERMS --- Show permissions for a user
PERFMON ---Performance Monitor
PING ---Test a network connection
POPD --- Restore the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD
PORTQRY--- Display the status of ports and services
PRINT --- Print a text file
PRNCNFG --- Display, configure or rename a printer
PRNMNGR --- Add, delete, list printers set the default printer
PROMPT --- Change the command prompt
PsExec --- Execute process remotely
PsFile --- Show files opened remotely
PsGetSid --- Display the SID of a computer or a user
PsInfo ---List information about a system
PsKill --- Kill processes by name or process ID
PsList --- List detailed information about processes
PsLoggedOn ---Who's logged on (locally or via resource sharing)
PsLogList ---Event log records
PsPasswd --- Change account password
PsService --- View and control services
PsShutdown ---Shutdown or reboot a computer
PsSuspend ---Suspend processes
PUSHD --- Save and then change the current directory

QGREP --- Search file(s) for lines that match a given pattern.

RASDIAL ---Manage RAS connections
RASPHONE ---Manage RAS connections
RECOVER --- Recover a damaged file from a defective disk.
REG --- Registry: Read, Set, Export, Delete keys and values
REGEDIT --- Import or export registry settings
REGSVR32--- Register or unregister a DLL
REGINI ---Change Registry Permissions
REM --- Record comments (remarks) in a batch file
REN --- Rename a file or files.
REPLACE --- Replace or update one file with another
RD ---Delete folder(s) [remove dir]
RDISK ---Create a Recovery Disk
RMTSHARE ---Share a folder or a printer
ROBOCOPY--- Robust File and Folder Copy
ROUTE --- Manipulate network routing tables
RUNAS --- Execute a program under a different user account
RUNDLL32--- Run a DLL command (add/remove print connections)

SC --- Service Control
SCHTASKS--- Create or Edit Scheduled Tasks
SCLIST --- Display NT Services
ScriptIt Control ---GUI applications
SET --- Display, set, or remove environment variables
SETLOCAL--- Control the visibility of environment variables
SETX ---Set environment variables permanently
SHARE --- List or edit a file share or print share
SHIFT --- Shift the position of replaceable parameters in a batch file
SHORTCUT ---Create a windows shortcut (.LNK file)
SHOWGRPS ---List the NT Workgroups a user has joined
SHOWMBRS ---List the Users who are members of a Workgroup
SHUTDOWN ---Shutdown the computer
SLEEP --- Wait for x seconds
SOON --- Schedule a command to run in the near future
SORT --- Sort input
START --- Start a separate window to run a specified program or command
SU ---Switch User
SUBINACL ---Edit file and folder Permissions, Ownership and Domain
SUBST --- Associate a path with a drive letter
SYSTEMINFO--- List system configuration
TASKLIST--- List running applications and services
TIME ---Display or set the system time
TIMEOUT--- Delay processing of a batch file
TITLE --- Set the window title for a CMD.EXE session
TOUCH --- Change file timestamps
TRACERT --- Trace route to a remote host
TREE --- Graphical display of folder structure
TYPE --- Display the contents of a text file
USRSTAT--- List domain usernames and last login
VER ---Display version information
VERIFY --- Verify that files have been saved
VOL --- Display a disk label
WHERE --- Locate and display files in a directory tree
WHOAMI --- Output the current UserName and domain
WINDIFF --- Compare the contents of two files or sets of files
WINMSD --- Windows system diagnostics
WINMSDP--- Windows system diagnostics II
WMIC ---WMI Commands
XCACLS --- Change file permissions
XCOPY--- Copy files and folders

How to Fix “Task Manager has been Disabled by Your Administrator or grayout

How to Fix “Task Manager has been Disabled by Your Administrator
That's a very common problem for Windows users. Many times when you try to open Task Manager, you find that "Task Manager" option has been grayed out:

Also when you try to run it by typing "taskmgr" in RUN dialog box, Windows shows following error message:

Task Manager has been disabled by your administrator.

1. Type regedit in RUN dialog box or Startmenu Search box and press Enter. It'll open Registry Editor. If Registry editor is also disabled, then follow instructions given in following tutorial:

How to Enable Tools -> Folder Options and Registry Editor in Windows

2. Now go to following keys one by one:

HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curre ntVersion\Policies\System
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion\Policies\System
HKEY_USERS\.default\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Cur rentVersion\Policies\System

and look for a DWORD value "DisableTaskMgr" in right-side pane. If you find it, delete it.



3. That's it. Now Task Manager will be enabled.

YOU ARE DONE

Linux Basic Commands

Linux Basic Commands

For changing directory / to /etc

[root@pc1 /]# cd /etc

One step back /etc to /

[root@pc1 etc]# cd ..

Go to previous working directory

[root@pc1 /]# cd -

Go to current login user home directory

[root@pc1 etc]# cd ~

Show the contents of /etc in single color

[root@pc1 ~]# dir /etc

Show the contents of /etc in different colors with nature of contents

[root@pc1 ~]# Ls /etc

create a folder on root partition

[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir /disk

Create a folder in /disk

[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir /disk/dir

Create multiple folder in multiple directories with single command

[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir /etc/dir1 /var/dir2 /usr/dir3

Create multiple folder in same directory

[root@pc1 ~]# mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3

Copy a file in directory

[root@pc1 disk]# cp file dir

Copy a file from /disk/file and paste it in /disk/dir/

[root@pc1 disk]# cp /disk/file /disk/dir

Copy a directory with -r option

[root@pc1 disk]# cp -r dir dir2

Copy a file from /disk/file and paste it in /etc with myfile name

[root@pc1 disk]# cp /disk/file /etc/myfile

Remove a file

[root@pc1 disk]# rm file

Remove a file with forcefully option

[root@pc1 disk]# rm -f file

Remove a directory with out -r option and you face will an error

[root@pc1 disk]# rm dir

Remove a directory with -r option

[root@pc1 disk]# rm -r /disk

Remove a directory with forcefully option

[root@pc1 disk]# rm -rf dir

Move /etc/dir1 to /disk/ with different name

[root@pc1 disk]# mv /etc/dir1 /disk/mydir

Rename the folder name mydir to dir

[root@pc1 disk]# mv /disk/mydir /disk/dir

Rename the file name with myfile

[root@pc1 disk]# mv file myfile

Read a file page by page with less command

[root@pc1 disk]# less /etc/grub.conf

Read a file page by page with more command

[root@pc1 disk]# more /etc/qrub.conf

Read first ten lines of grub.conf

[root@pc1 disk]# head /etc/grub.conf

Read last ten lings of grub.conf

[root@pc1 disk]# tail /etc/grub.conf

Read first 12 lines with -n option

[root@pc1 disk]# head -n 12 /etc/grub.conf

Read last 11 lines with -n option

[root@pc1 disk]# tail -n 11 /etc/grub.conf

Copy the contents of /etc/grub.conf in /disk/file

[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/grub.conf > /disk/file

Append the contents /etc/mtab in /etc/file

[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/mtab >> /disk/file

Merging tow commands with pipe sign output of the first command is input of second command

[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/squid/squid.conf I more

Count the total lines of squid.conf

[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/squid/squid.conf I wc -L

Show only spool words in squid.conf

[root@pc1 disk]# cat /etc/squid/squid.conf I grep spool

Flush the contents of file

[root@pc1 disk]# cat /dev/null > /var/log/messages

Open Multiple instances of Yahoo Messenger and Google talk

Open Multiple instances of Yahoo Messenger and Google talk 

Today while browsing, I found a hack about two most popular instant messengers (chatting clients); Yahoo Messenger and Google Talk. This Simple Hack allows you to Run multiple instances (more then one) of Yahoo Messenger and Google talk simultaneously on one PC.

FOR YAHOO MESSENGER

* Go to Start >> Run >>
* Type regedit >> press Enter
* Go to HKEY_CURRENT_USER >> Software >> Yahoo >> pager >> Test
* Then Right click on test >> choose New >> Dword value .
* Rename it as ‘Plural’.
* Double click it >> assign a decimal value of 1.
* Close the registry and Restart yahoo messenger.

Hey Its All Done!! Now you can open ‘N’ instances of yahoo messenger and login into each from different yahoo ID.

talk_logo.gif

FOR GOOGLE TALK

* Create a shortcut of Google Talk messenger on your desktop or any other location.
* Right click on the Google Talk messenger icon and select properties option
* Modify target location text from this “c:\program files\google\google talk\googletalk.exe” /startmenu to “c:\program files\google\google talk\googletalk.exe” /nomutex
* Then Click OK!!

Now you can run multiple instances of Google talk 

5 Free Online Fax Service for Faxing Anywhere via Email and Web

 5 Free Online Fax Service for Faxing Anywhere via Email and Web

---

Nowadays the usage of Fax machines at home and offices have significantly decreased. But at times you are forced to fax your personal documents, like for companies like paypal, CJ, etoro etc for verification procedures. And even if you rarely send documents over fax, there is no sense in buying a new fax machine for that matter. Today there are few online fax services which sends your documents over Fax for free.Let’s look into some of those online services which allows us to send fax via internet.
Free Fax Online Service for U.S and Canada

1)FaxZero :
Faxzero.com lets you send fax to any fax machine in the United states (U.S) and Canada for free.




Features of FaxZero

• Free to use
• Fax file Formats Supported : .DOC, .DOCX, or .PDF file.
• Advertisement is shown only on the cover page.

Limitations : You can send only 2 free faxes per day and a maximum of 3 pages per fax.Limitations can only be avoided if you upgrade to their premium version.Also it is limited to US and Canada.


2)Efax :
Efax.com not a free service but allows a 30 day free trial.You can send fax online 50 pages and receiving up to 130 pages at no charge.You can both send and receive fax via email.

After clicking signup for a free 30 day trial, you will be asked to enter a zip code to find a local fax number.You can choose from three fax numbers.Select one and create your account by providing additional details.Log into your Efax account to send a fax via the Internet. Download and Install the "Efax Messenger" to your computer system and start sending fax online for free.




Features of Efax

• Online storage space for your faxes for 1 year.
• Receive up to 130 incoming fax pages per month for free.
• Send and receive faxes as email attachments
• File formats supported are PDF, TIFF or EFX plus many more.
• Receive fax on multiple email accounts.
• Allows you to fax from your mobile phone.

Email to Fax Online with No Restrictions Anywhere in the World

3)FreeFax:
With Freefax.com,you can send a fax to virtually any part of the world for free. Each fax that you send from freeFAX is routed through the tpc service and directed to the closest fax server to the recipient. The fax is usually sent within a few minutes but could take longer depending on fax traffic at the local fax server.

Registration is not required for sending free fax online but the advantages of being a member is that you can also receive fax via email, create custom fax sheets or group fax.

Other sites worth testing.
India Based Free Fax Services

4)Gujarat4u :
Gujarat4u.com is an India based company and allows to send free fax online in India. It claims to support instant free faxing to all over the world.

5)TPC Fax Service
TPC FAX.com claims to send fax from your web browser as well from your email client. You can check it’s coverage here
.It can also deliver image attachments and rich text formatted messages on the recipient's fax machine. If the email to fax service delivery fails for some reason, you get a failure notification via email.

Add Your Name or Application to right click

Add Your Name or Application to right click

---

Add Your Name or Application to right click

<b>To write your name on right click application, please follow the steps.</b>

1.Copy/Paste the following code in Notepad And then Save it as .reg

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\shell\Registry Editor
@="Your Name Or Name of the Application"
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\shell\Registry Editor\command
@="Location Of The Application"

2.Now edit it and then Type your name In

Eg:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\shell\Registry Editor]
@="Lakino Heat"

3. If u want to get any application, once you click Your name or name of application
Then , Type the location Of the application Which u want to open In:

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\shell\Registry Editor\command
@="Location Of The Application"

For eg.C:\Program Files\Yahoo!\Messenger\messenger.exe
That's It finally save it And then Run it .


<b>To add Application Add/Remove</b>

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\shell\Add/Remove\command
@="control appwiz.cpl"

<b>To add Application Reboot</b>

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\shell\[Reboot]\command
@="shutdown -r -f -t 5"

<b>To add Application Shutdown</b>

HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\CLSID\{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\shell\[Shutdown]\command
@="shutdown -s -f -t 5"

Make Windows CMD look like Linu

Make Windows CMD look like Linux 

---

Make Windows CMD look like Linux

* Open regedit

* Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Contro l\Session Manager\Environment







Back Up:

* Right click on Environment and select Export to back up the Key to a place on your computer


* In the right Window Pane, right click and select New \ String Value and name it PROMPT

* Double click on Prompt and in the Value data: field type the syntax for the Command Prompt you wan to use (for example - [%USERNAME%@%COMPUTERNAME%$S~]$$)


* Close regedit and either logoff or reboot



After you log out and back in if you see [%USERNAME%@%COMPUTERNAME%$S~]$$ instead of actually seeing your username and your computer name then you can just take out the % and make it your username at your Computer name.. or whatever you want

Empty the Temp Folder Automatically

Empty the Temp Folder Automatically

---

Empty the Temp Folder Automatically
You can safely remove anything in C:\Windows\Temp that was created before the current Windows session. So the best time to have it automatically emptied is during boot-up. Here's how to do that:

Select Start, Run, type the command sysedit and press Enter to launch the System Configuration Editor. Once there, go to the autoexec.bat window. That batch file may contain text, or it may be blank. Either way, add these two lines:

deltree /y c:\windows\temp

md c:\windows\temp

Save the file and exit the program or click on the X to close. When asked if you want to save changes, click Yes. Next time you restart the temp files will be deleted.

From now on, you'll get an empty temp folder every time you boot.

Enjoy

Add Your Photo To "MY COMPUTER" Properties

Add Your Photo To "MY COMPUTER" Properties : 
Brand Windows With your Photo & Name:



First Step :-
Create a bmp file (Your Photo) and Save As with the name OEMLOGO.BMP

## Important : The size of the image should be within 180 (wide) x 120 (high) pixels (For Best Result)

Second Step :-
open notepad and dump the following lines into it and Save As with the name OEMINFO.INI 



[General]
Manufacturer=Your Name Here
Model=Your Model Here
[Support Information]
Line1=Your Name Here
Line2=Your Address Here
Line3=Your Email Address Here
Line4=Your Working Hours Here



## Save the file.

now copy to or place OEMINFO/OEMINFO.INI and OEMLOGO/OEMLOGO.BMP both files in the c:\windows\system32 directory.


## Then make a right click on My Computer, select Properties, in the General tab you w'll see your photo, and a button will be highlighted (support information)make a click on it, you will be able to see the changes.

## Now if you want to display some more information then simply increase the line in the file. (Line5=xxx , Line6=xxx )

Surfing blocked sites

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Put Image in the USB Background

Put Image in the USB Background

---

Put Image in the USB Background
Copy this code to ur text editor,then save it as "desktop.ini"

Code:

 [.ShellClassInfo]
   IconFile=%SystemRoot%\system32\SHELL32.dll
   IconIndex=127
   ConfirmFileOp=0
    
              
              [{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]
   Attributes=1
   IconArea_Image="your_picture.jpg"
   IconArea_Text="0xFFFFFF"
   VeBRA sources - don't delete the tag above, it's there for XXXXX purposes -
   [ExtShellFolderViews]
   {BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}={BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}
   {5984FFE0-28D4-11CF-AE66-08002B2E1262}={5984FFE0-28D4-11CF-AE66-08002B2E1262}
    
   [{5984FFE0-28D4-11CF-AE66-08002B2E1262}]
   PersistMoniker=Folder.htt
   PersistMonikerPreview=%WebDir%\folder.bmp

2.Put "desktop.ini and your_picture.jpg in ur USB Drive then Hide it.

3.Refresh .and enjoy with new background.

Remember that in the above code "your_picture.jpg" means the name of the image you will use as background

Remove text from desktop icons

Remove text from desktop icons

To remove the text beneath any icon on desktop,

Right click on the icon and click rename
Delete the whole text
Then press ALT key & at the same time input the digit 255 (only with the numpad, right side of the keyboard)
Release the ALT key and press ENTER
U would see the icon without any text

If anyone tries to remove text 4m more than 1 icon then repeat the same process twice or more
Like hold ALT type 255 & release then again hold ALT & type 255
Release the ALT key and press ENTER

U can do this as many time as u wish, try it now

Keyboard Shortcuts in windows xp

Keyboard Shortcuts in windows xp

---

When speed counts, the keyboard is still king. Almost all the actions and commands you can perform with a mouse you can perform faster using combinations of keys on your keyboard. These simple keyboard shortcuts can get you where you want to go faster than several clicks of a mouse. You'll work faster on spreadsheets and similar documents, too, because you won't lose your place switching back and forth between mouse and keys.

Here are some of the most useful keyboard shortcuts:

Copy. CTRL+C
Cut. CTRL+X
Paste. CTRL+V
Undo. CTRL+Z
Delete. DELETE

Delete selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin. SHIFT+DELETE
Copy selected item. CTRL while dragging an item
Create shortcut to selected item. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item
Rename selected item. F2
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word. CTRL+LEFT ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph. CTRL+DOWN ARROW
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph. CTRL+UP ARROW
Highlight a block of text. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text within a document. SHIFT with any of the arrow keys
Select all. CTRL+A
Search for a file or folder. F3
View properties for the selected item. ALT+ENTER
Close the active item, or quit the active program. ALT+F4
Opens the shortcut menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Close the active document in programs that allow you to have multiple documents open simultaneously. CTRL+F4
Switch between open items. ALT+TAB
Cycle through items in the order they were opened. ALT+ESC
Cycle through screen elements in a window or on the desktop. F6
Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer. F4
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item. SHIFT+F10
Display the System menu for the active window. ALT+SPACEBAR
Display the Start menu. CTRL+ESC
Display the corresponding menu. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name
Carry out the corresponding command. Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu
Activate the menu bar in the active program. F10
Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu. RIGHT ARROW
Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu. LEFT ARROW
Refresh the active window. F5
View the folder one level up in My Computer or Windows Explorer. BACKSPACE
Cancel the current task. ESC
SHIFT when you insert a CD into the CD-ROM drive Prevent the CD from automatically playing.


Use these keyboard shortcuts for dialog boxes:

Move forward through tabs. CTRL+TAB
Move backward through tabs. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB
Move forward through options. TAB
Move backward through options. SHIFT+TAB
Carry out the corresponding command or select the corresponding option. ALT+Underlined letter
Carry out the command for the active option or button. ENTER
Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box. SPACEBAR
Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons. Arrow keys
Display Help. F1
Display the items in the active list. F4
Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box. BACKSPACE

If you have a Microsoft Natural Keyboard, or any other compatible keyboard that includes the Windows logo key and the Application key , you can use these keyboard shortcuts:

Display or hide the Start menu.
Display the System Properties dialog box. +BREAK
Show the desktop. +D
Minimize all windows. +M
Restores minimized windows. +Shift+M
Open My Computer. +E
Search for a file or folder. +F
Search for computers. CTRL+ +F
Display Windows Help. +F1
Lock your computer if you are connected to a network domain, or switch users if you are not connected to a network domain. + L
Open the Run dialog box. +R
Display the shortcut menu for the selected item.
Open Utility Manager. +U


Helpful accessibility keyboard shortcuts:

Switch FilterKeys on and off. Right SHIFT for eight seconds
Switch High Contrast on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +PRINT SCREEN
Switch MouseKeys on and off. Left ALT +left SHIFT +NUM LOCK
Switch StickyKeys on and off. SHIFT five times
Switch ToggleKeys on and off. NUM LOCK for five seconds
Open Utility Manager. +U

Keyboard shortcuts you can use with Windows Explorer:

Display the bottom of the active window. END
Display the top of the active window. HOME
Display all subfolders under the selected folder. NUM LOCK+ASTERISK on numeric keypad (*)
Display the contents of the selected folder. NUM LOCK+PLUS SIGN on numeric keypad (+)
Collapse the selected folder. NUM LOCK+MINUS SIGN on numeric keypad (-)
Collapse current selection if it's expanded, or select parent folder. LEFT ARROW
Display current selection if it's collapsed, or select first subfolder. RIGHT ARROW

some tips about internet

some tips about internet

i wan to reveal this to non computers users especially
got to run and type cmd
and
type ipconfig /all
and see what is coming
now it will list ur
ipaddress
d.n.s
and much more
what is i.p address
each website in the net will have an i.p address.it will have four blocks separated by three dots
how it is used
here comes D.N.S
since human beings are able to remember words better than numbers
so the D.N.s concept applied to remove this difficulty
D.N.S
it is the abbreviation of domain naming system
what is the use of this D.N.S
we are now typing

Code:

http://www.google.co.in/

and not i.p address that we have to type really
here the role played by D.N.S
D.N.S will convert the this into corresponding ipaddress
and thus we are able to get the corresponding webpage
how it will work
it will be done by maintaining a database(database is a collections of facts maintained in a easier way by having tables like structure)
that is each i.p address and corresponding domain name are mapped

NTFS or Fat32: Which should I choose?

NTFS or Fat32: Which should I choose?

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NTFS or Fat32: Which should I choose?
A common questions when installing Windows XP on your computer is whether or not you should format your hard drives as NTFS or Fat32.

The specifications for both systems are as follows:

Fat32
Use it if your hard drive is 32GB or less.
Is slightly faster than NTFS, but not by much.
Can be used by other Operating Systems. If you plan on having multiple operating systems on your machine, you want FAT32.
NTFS
Should be used if your hard drive is greater than 32GB
Has better compression allowing you to store more data.
Has file security.
In generaly, with drive sizes being by default greater than 32GB, you should use NTFS. NTFS also gives you greater security on your hard drive to eliminate possible unauthorized access of your data.

On the other hand, if you are using Windows 95,98, or ME, NTFS is not an option so you must use FAT32. You will also want to use FAT32 when you have multiple operating systems on one computer.

I hope this clears up some of the confusion.

what should u know if u are installing mac along windows

what should u know if u are installing mac along windows

when u are installing mac os x dual boot sometimes ur bootloader can crash
At that time how to make windows active
Easy way
Follow the steps
step 1:insert the windows vista os dvd and boot it
step 2: choose repair ur computer and choose next and choose command prompt
step 3:now in command prompt
type the following
diskpart and press enter
and type
select disk 0 and press enter
step 4:then type
list partition
and press enter
your partitions are now will be listed
step 5:select the partition where u have installed windows
eg generally if u install it in c(partition 1): then
type select partition 1
and press enter
step 6:
now type
active
step 7:that's all Reboot ur windows and now u can able to boot in windows

Make Your Firefox Fast

Trick To Make Your Firefox Fast

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Trick To Make Your Firefox Fast 

This tricks will improve the speed & load time of firefox. And you will be able to surf faster.

Open Firefox and type about:config in the address bar, Then look for the following entries, and make the corresponding changes.

• network.http.max-connections-per-server =32

• network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-proxy =16

• network.http.max-connections = 64

• network.http.max-persistent-connections-per-server = 10

• network.http.pipelining = true

• network.http.pipelining.maxrequests = 200

• network.http.request.max-start-delay = 0

• network.http.proxy.pipelining = true

• network.http.proxy.version = 1.0


Lastly right-click anywhere and select New -> Integer. Name it nglayout.initialpaint.delay and set its value to 0. This value is the amount of time the browser waits before it acts on information it recieves.

Enjoy !!!

How to Change Default Wallpaper Directory / Folder in Desktop Properties for Windows

How to Change Default Wallpaper Directory / Folder in Desktop Properties for Windows

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We can easily change our desktop wallpaper by right-clicking on desktop, click “Properties, open “Desktop” tab, pick one of the provided wallpapers within the list and hit the apply button. However, when we want to change the desktop wallpaper with another one that is located within another folder, you’ll have to click the browse button to go to the folder and pick the wallpaper.

If you keep your favorite wallpapers in a separate folder and most of the time you rotate the wallpapers on the desktop, why don’t you just make the folder to be your default wallpaper directory? In this way, you don’t need to click the browse button every time you want to change the desktop wallpaper from Deskop Properties window.

How to change the default wallpaper directory

Open registry editor and go to:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\Curr entVersion

After you find the key, look the right pane and find the string value “WallPaperDir”.

The default value data of it is:
%SystemRoot%\Web\Wallpaper

This value data has to be changed. Double-click it and enter the location of your wallpaper directory or folder.

Mine is located in H:\Visual Styles Collection\Wallpaper\Sweet, so I change the default value data with the location.

That’s it. After you change it, you can close the registry editor window and open the Desktop Properties.

You’ll see that all of the wallpapers within the list are the ones that are located in the folder you set in the Registry editor.

Hide Your Hard Disk Drive Partitions

Hide Your HDD Partitions

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Hide Your HDD Partitions

Step-1.
Go to Start > run > type “ diskpart ”.

a dos window will appear with following like that.....

DISKPART>

Step-2. 
Then type “ list volume ” without quote

It will look like this.....



Step-3.
If u want to hide drive F then type “ select volume 5 ″ without quote

then a message will appear in same winwods { Volume 5 is the selected volume }

Step-4.
now type " remove letter F ” without quote

now a message will come { DiskPart successfully removed the drive letter or mount point }.


sometime it requires the reboot the computer .

Diskpart will remove the letter. Windows XP is not having capabilty to identify the unkown volume.

How to come back / recover:

Don’t afraid, all of your Data still safe .

to Come back the Drive repeat the process . but in Step-4, which is shown in this post replace “ remove ” to “ assign ”

means type “ assign letter F ” without quote

The above method won’t work for the drive containing Operating System.
and it can also be done using System Manager>Storage Manager.


THANK YOU.........

PUT A CUSTOM WATERMARK ON YOUR VIDEO

PUT A CUSTOM WATERMARK ON YOUR VIDEO

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PUT A CUSTOM WATERMARK ON YOUR VIDEO

This guide will enable you to place a watermark over an existing video. This watermark can be text, or an existing image. Please note that some basic working knowledge of VirtualdubMod would be an advantage, but not a necessity. If you wish to add a watermark, you must re-encode your video, so it is suggested that you would use this guide immediately after acquiring your source, just before you are about to re-encode your output.


Tools Required:
VirtualDubMod
Image manipulation/creation software (Windows Paint will do the job)
Optional - Donald Graft's logo filter (only required for Part 2 of this guide)


PART 1: WATERMARK PRESENT FOR ENTIRE VIDEO

In this part, I'll show you how to place a watermark in your video for the entire duration of the video. If you wish to only have your watermark visible for certain parts of the video, or you wish to configure a number of different watermarks at different time intervals, please see Part 2 at the end of this guide.


1. PREPARE YOUR WATERMARK IMAGE

a) If making a text watermark:

Open up your favourite image manipulation/creation program. Create a new image – I’d suggest a canvas size of 200 (width) x 20 (height) as a good starting point, but you can use whatever you like, just bear in mind how it will look and fit on the screen. Use your image software to paint the background black. Now create the text you wish to appear in the watermark, and place it on the black background, making sure that the text colour is white. Once finished creating your watermark image, save it, but make sure that you save it as either a .BMP or a .TGA file.

b) If you are using an existing image:

Simply open the image, and make sure you save it as a BMP or TGA file.


Please note:
It is imperative that you save your watermark as either a .BMP or a .TGA file, as these are the only file formats virtualdubmod will accept for watermarks.


Some examples of watermark images appear below:

Text:



Existing image:





2. SET UP VIRTUALDUBMOD

Open Virtualdubmod, go to File > open video file:



Select your source video and press the Open button.

You should now have something similar to the following:



Go to Video > Filters:



Click the Add button, scroll down to the logo filter:



Click OK.

You should now have something similar to the following:



Press the … button to the right of the Logo image field and select your watermark image.
Tick the enable per-pixel alpha blending using alpha channel tickbox.
Leave the Use premultiplied alpha tickbox ticked.
Tick the use gray channel of secondary image for alpha channel tickbox.
Press the … button to the right of the Alpha image field and select your watermark image.

Click the Show Preview button, and you should have something similar to the following:





1. corresponds to the opacity of your watermark, This control how “see-through” your image is. I’d recommend a value of 50% if you wish the background to show through from behind the watermark. Your changes are automatically updated in the preview window, so you can quickly see the results of your actions.

2. corresponds to the manual adjustment of the positioning of the watermark, where X offset is the distance from the left of the video, and Y offset is the distance from the top of the video.

3. corresponds to the preset adjustment of the positioning of the watermark. TL stands for Top Left, MC stands for Middle Centre, BR stands for Bottom Right …… and you get the idea.

Please Note:
If you have used the manual adjustment, this will also affect the presets, so if you change your mind and decide to use a preset instead of manually adjusting the placement of the watermark, make sure you set both the X offset and the Y offset back to 0, otherwise you might get some unexpected results.

Once you are happy with your settings, click OK, and then OK again.

You should now have the following:



Now you can set up your video with any encoding settings you desire as per normal. Once you have selected your compression settings for both video and audio (if required), Go to File > Save As, specify your output filename, and click the Save button, or start the frameserver if you’re frameserving to an MPEG encoder.


Now some examples with opacity set at 50%:

Text:



Image:




PART 2 (OPTIONAL): CUSTOM DURATIONS FOR LOGO(S) / MULTIPLE LOGOS

In this section, you'll be able to set custom durations for one or many watermark logos/text.

Download Donald Graft's logo filter and extract all files in the Zip file into your Virtualdubmod\plugins directory.

Go to Video > Filters.
Click the Add button.
Click the Load button.
Browse to your VirtualdubMod\plugins directory, select the logo.vdf file and press OK. Scroll down through the list of filters until you find logo (1.4), click on it, and press OK.

You will be presented with the following:

How to Copy Protected DVD Movies Easily

How to Copy Protected DVD Movies Easily

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How to Copy Protected DVD Movies Easily


Simple guide on how to copy your Protected DVD movies easily for your backing up pleasure.

This guide can be used for any DVD Movie Disc, Copy Protected or Not.

The programs you need are, AnyDVD & Shrink DVD.
Install both these programs and start up AnyDVD if its not already online.

The only setting you will only need to edit is the Region settings make sure it’s the correct one for your country.



1. Now insert your DVD Movie that you want to copy. If you want you can check AnyDVD to see what it’s Copy Protection is if it has any.


2. Now Start up DVDShrink. Click on Open Disc.

3. Select your DVD Movie, and click on Ok.

4. Now when its decrypting it should say “Not Encrypted” if it says something else then AnyDVD is not running, go back and turn it on and try again.

5.Now after that has done click on Re-Author, select the Movie & drag it over the DVD area.


6. Now after you have done that click on “Compression Settings” and only select what language and subtitles you want. Try and get the compression above 70%. You can do this by only selecting a few thing. [THE LANGUAGE YOU WANT THE MOVIE TO BE IN MUST BE SELECTED!]


7. Now go back to "Target Device" and make sure your settings match mine and make sure you select a suitable folder & click on Ok.


8. Now after you have done that and it’s completed you just need to burn the VIDEO_TS & AUDIO_TS folders to a DVD-R or DVD+R using any normal burning program and enjoy!